نهمین کنفرانس ملی و اولین کنفرانس بین المللی فیزیولوژی گیاهی

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کد مقاله 1011

عنوان Nutrient-Induced Metabolic Adjustments and Their Role in Enhancing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses

نویسندگان Fatemeh Nasibi - Sepideh Ghotbzadeh Kermani

چکیده Abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, high temperature, and nutrient limitation remain major constraints on crop productivity worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for approaches that improve plant stress tolerance. Beyond their structural and catalytic roles, essential mineral nutrients function as central regulators of metabolic processes that enable plants to cope with adverse environmental conditions. This mini-review discusses recent advances in understanding how macro- and micronutrients shape metabolic reprogramming associated with stress adaptation. Nitrogen and phosphorus are closely linked to carbon and energy metabolism, influencing ATP production, redox balance, and the synthesis of osmoprotective compounds and defense-related metabolites. Potassium contributes significantly to osmotic regulation, maintenance of ionic homeostasis, enzyme activation, and the mitigation of oxidative stress, particularly under drought and salinity conditions. Micronutrients such as iron and zinc are essential for chlorophyll biosynthesis, electron transport, membrane stability, and the proper functioning of antioxidant enzymes, thereby limiting oxidative and ionic damage. The emerging concept of nutrient–stress crosstalk highlights the interconnected nature of nutrient signaling with hormonal regulation, calcium signaling, and ROS-mediated pathways that collectively orchestrate plant defense responses. A deeper understanding of these interactions will support the development of nutrient-based management strategies to enhance crop performance under climate-related stresses. Future studies integrating metabolomic, transcriptomic, and ionomic analyses with physiological and breeding approaches will be critical for advancing nutrient-efficient and stress-resilient crop improvement.

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